Remote Crop Monitoring and Application of Twin Nozzles in Wheat Protection

University of Novi Sad  

Faculty of Agriculture 

Department of Agricultural Engineering 

Remote Crop Monitoring and Application of Twin Nozzles in Wheat Protection 

A thesis submitted to the 

University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture 

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master’s Degree programme 

PRECISE AGRICULTURE 

By 

DOBRILA KOVČIN 

Student ID: 125/2024M 

Committee Members  

Dr. Aleksandar Sedlar, Full Professor (Supervisor) 

Dr. Ferenc Bagi, Full Professor  

Dr. Jan Turan, Full Professor 

Novi Sad, October 2025 

ABSTRACT 

In this study, the efficacy of different nozzle types for pesticide application in wheat production was investigated. The aim was to analyze how the use of various nozzle types affects the level of spray deposition and, consequently, the quality of treatment in weed control within the wheat crop. In addition to nozzle analysis, drones were employed for multispectral crop assessment, enabling precise monitoring of vegetation status and identification of critical zones within the field. Multispectral cameras and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) provided additional information on the effectiveness of pesticide application, allowing real-time adjustment of protection strategies. The research results indicated the importance of optimal nozzle selection and the use of modern technologies such as drones and remote sensing for improving treatment efficacy, conserving resources, and reducing production costs. 

Keywords: wheat, spray nozzles, pesticide application, multispectral analysis, drones, NDVI